Comparative Analysis of Visum et Repertum Psikiatrikum and Expert Testimony as Evidence in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System
Keywords:
psychiatric visum, expert testimony, evidence, criminal liability, criminal procedural lawAbstract
This research discusses the status of Visum et Repertum Psikiatrikum and expert testimony as evidence within the Indonesian criminal procedural law system. The main focus of the research is to analyze the position of Visum et Repertum Psikiatrikum as documentary evidence, the role and status of expert testimony in the evidentiary system, the comparison between the two types of evidence, and the legal implications of psychiatric visum examination results on criminal liability. This normative legal research uses statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches with primary and secondary legal materials analyzed qualitatively. The results show that Visum et Repertum Psikiatrikum holds the position of documentary evidence with a dual nature because it contains elements of expert assessment. Expert testimony has a broader and more flexible scope, whereas psychiatric visum is more objective and specific to mental health examinations. The results of the psychiatric visum examination are classified into three categories that carry different legal consequences for criminal liability. This research recommends the formulation of technical guidelines and the strengthening of synergy between the legal and forensic psychiatry professions to enhance legal certainty in the use of such evidence.
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